Services

Problems where material behavior or fluid flow affects the outcome

We start from the problem you have in your process. We work out what is happening, why, and what can be done about it. We use measurements, analysis or simulation where they help us answer that question.

Problem areas

Our core work is solving problems related to how bulk material behaves and how slurries, liquids and gases flow in processing equipment. These are two areas where clients often bring us in.

Pebbles on a belt feeder Worn screen panels inspected during a stop Crushed rock in a transfer chute

Bulk material and particle flow

Where the material goes, where it wears the equipment, where the dust escapes, and which geometry changes reduce it.

  • Blockage, arching, segregation and uneven feed
  • Where wear occurs, and how long a lining lasts
  • Dust generation, capture and travel through the plant
  • Chutes
  • Transfer points
  • Feeders
  • Stockpiles
  • Silos and bins
  • Screens
  • Crushers
  • Mills
  • Trommels
  • Loaders
  • Conveyors
Slurry discharging into a chute CFD: gas flow and temperature in an induration furnace

Slurry, fluid and gas flow

Understanding and solving problems related to how fluids (liquids and gases) behave in process equipment.

  • Uneven distribution
  • Mixing, suspension and settling
  • Erosion and wear caused by the flow
  • Gas flow, heat transfer and ventilation
  • Distribution boxes
  • Pipes
  • Tanks
  • Launders
  • Mixers
  • Classifiers
  • Flotation cells
  • Cyclones
  • Furnaces
  • Ventilation systems
  • Mill flows

Application areas

Equipment and processes we know well

Material transfer points

Chutes, feeders and the transfer points between conveyors and process equipment. We analyze and design transfer points for different material types in the process.

  • Chutes and transfer points
  • Feeders and discharge
  • Wear and impact
  • Blockage and build-up
  • Dust generation

Sorting

Screens, trommels and classifiers. We work on understanding how material is sorted by size, and how that affects what is sent on in the process.

  • Screens
  • Trommels
  • Classifiers
  • Size distribution and scats
  • Segregation
  • Blinding and blockage

Grinding and mills

Grinding mills are complex systems where charge motion, slurry transport, liner geometry, discharge and operating conditions all interact. Vastec has built experience with grinding mills in the mining industry, combining plant data, measurements, established mill models and simulation to understand what is happening inside the mill, what may be limiting performance, and what can be done to increase it.

  • Charge, filling degree, power and torque
  • Liner design, wear and charge motion
  • Slurry pooling, transport and discharge limitations
  • Mill weight, crash stops, inspections, internal scans and filling measurements
  • Comminution, classification and separation

Mixing

Mixers, agitated tanks and flotation cells. Mostly slurry flows, sometimes with a gas phase as multiphase flow. From how well solids are kept in suspension to the loads the agitator has to carry.

  • Mixing and sedimentation
  • Loads on the agitator shaft
  • Particle tracing
  • Dead and active zones
  • Multiphase flow with gas
  • Design evaluation

Complex fluid flows

Hot gases, heat transfer and reactions, including gas flow through pellet beds in induration furnaces.

  • Hot process gases
  • Heat transfer
  • Reactions
  • Gas flow through pellet beds
CFD: gas streamlines and bed temperature in the MK3 pelletizing furnace

Methods

We choose the method based on the question

We start with the most suitable approach that gives a reliable answer, and add complexity when the question needs it.

CFD

Computational fluid dynamics, for liquid and gas flow.

  • Slurry, water and process gas
  • Mixing, distribution and settling in tanks
  • Ventilation and dust dispersion

DEM

Discrete element modeling, for bulk material and particles, calibrated against the real material.

  • Dry coarse rock and wet, sticky material
  • Wear and impact against equipment
  • Coupled with CFD when the flow drives the particles

Experiments and measurement

Site and laboratory experiments, to understand how a material or process behaves, to calibrate models, and to check what they predict against reality.

  • Material characterization
  • Calibration tests for flow, wear and breakage
  • Site experiments and tests

Process knowledge

Hands-on experience of mining and processing plants and of how equipment fits into the wider process, combined with engineering calculation.

  • Mass and energy balance
  • Interpretation of plant data
  • How a change in one step affects the rest of the process

How we work

Understand the problem

Start from the actual process, the operating conditions and what you are seeing.

Investigate what controls it

Use the appropriate combination of engineering analysis, measurements, experiments and simulation to understand the behavior.

Recommend the next step

Explain what the work shows, compare the relevant alternatives, and give you a practical basis for deciding what to do.

If one of these problems looks familiar, tell us what you are seeing

The equipment, the symptom and how long it has been going on is enough to start from.

Discuss a problem